Research by fDi Intelligence reveals which cities received the most tech start-up FDI relative to their population between 2016 and 2018.

Antwerp has long been an attractive retail location in Belgium, while also offering investors an efficient and transparent planning process. 

The historic Netherlands city of Leiden may have a small population but it is big on quality, mayor Henri Lenferink tells fDi.

Zwolle in the Netherlands has many attributes but it is its collaborative spirit that drives its ability to attract investment, says mayor Henk Jan Meijer.

Leiden Bio Science Park is one of the oldest of its kind in the world. However, there is nothing old-fashioned about its approach to science or attracting investment.

After near-bankruptcy in the 1990s, Eindhoven has bounced back – thanks to the combined efforts of private and public partners and knowledge institutes, mayor John Jorritsma tells fDi.

Having repositioned itself as a knowledge centre, Eindhoven now boasts 'the smartest kilometre in Europe', and is responsible for one-fifth of private R&D in the Netherlands. 

Klaas Verschuure, vice-mayor of Utrecht, tells Sebastian Shehadi about the city’s talented youth, its historic and green demeanour and the thriving healthcare industry.

Amsterdam’s deputy mayor, Laurens Ivens, tells Sebastian Shehadi about the city’s real estate opportunities.